小学英语语法小结:句型的转换.doc
一、肯定句改否定句的方法 :
1、 在be动词后加not。如:is not , are not , am not, was not, were not;
2、 在can,should, will等后加not。如:cannot, should not, will not;
3、 上述都没有的,在动词前加助动词否定形式don’t/doesn’t/didn’t。
4、 some 改成any。
如: I am a girl. → I am not a girl.
You are a student. →You are not a student.
→You aren’t a student.
This is Tom’s bag, → This is not Tom’s bag.
→ This isn’t Tom’s bag.
答题方法是;否定词not在be后边。
二、肯定句改一般疑问句的方法:
1、 把be动词放在句首,剩下的照抄,(some 改成any,I改成you,my改成your,)句点改成问号。
2、 把can,shall, will等放到句首,剩下的照抄,(some 改成any,I改成you,my改成your,)句点改成问号。
3、 上述都没有的,在句首请助动词Do/Does/Did帮忙,剩下的照抄,(some 改成any,I改成you,my改成your,)句点改成问号。
注意:句首的第一个字母要大写,句尾标点应为?。
如:
I am in Class 6. →Are you in Class 6?
You are from America. →Are you from America?
It is an orange. →Is it an orange?
答题方法是:要想提问,be提前,句末?别忘了。
4、 就一般疑问句回答
一般疑问句有两种回答,即:肯定回答和否定回答。其中,肯定回答用yes,否定回答用no。 语句顺序为:Yes + 主语 + am /is/ are/was/were.|can.|do/does/did|; No + 主语+ am not/ isn’t/ aren’t/wasn't/weren't.|can't.|don't/doesn't/didn't|.。如:
Are you an English teacher?→Yes, I am. /No, I am not.
Is that a bird? →Yes, it is./ No, it isn’t.
三、对划线部分提问
就划线部分提问是小学阶段英语学习的难点,但是一旦掌握了规律,就变得容易多了。 小学英语对划线部分提问之答题口诀 :
一代:用正确的疑问词代替划线部分。
二移:把疑问词移至句首
三倒:颠倒主谓语,但对主语或其定语提问时除外(some 改成any,I改成you,my改成your),
四抄:照抄句子剩余部分。
☆总结关键就是:特殊疑问词+一般疑问句(即: 先根据划线部分找到特殊疑问词; 再把没划线的部分变成一般疑问句的语序。)
★特殊疑问词的确定要根据划线内容而定,在小学阶段常出现的有以下几种:
1.划线部分是事或物,特殊疑问词用what
如: This is a book.
---What is this?
I often play football on Saturdays .
---What do you often do on Saturdays ?
2.划线部分是人,特殊疑问词用who
如:He is my brother. ---Who is he ?
3、划线部分是地点,特殊疑问词用where
如:The box is on the desk.---Where is the box ?
4、划线部分是时间,特殊疑问词用what time或when
如:It's seven twenty . ---What time is it ?
I usually get up at six . --- When do you usually get up?
5、划线部分是年龄,特殊疑问词用how old
如:I am twelve . ---How old are you?
My father is thirty-three . ---How old is your father ?
6、划线部分是职业,特殊疑问词用what
如:Mike is a worker. ---What is Mike ?
7、划线部分是颜色,特殊疑问词用what colour
如: My hat is blue . ---What colour is your hat?
8. 划线部分是数量,特殊疑问词用how many或how much
如:I can see five kites .---How many kites can you see ?
There is some milk in the glass. ---How much milk is there in the glass ?
9、划线部分是多少钱,特殊疑问词用how much
如:This pen is nine yuan . ---How much is this pen ?
10、划线部分是形容词性物主代词或名词性物主代词,特殊疑问词用whose 如:That is my book . ---Whose book is that ?
The bag is yours. ---Whose is the bag ?
以下口诀要牢记:
1.问谁用who;
2.问谁的,用whose;
3.问地点哪里,用where;
4.问原因,用why;
5.问身体状况,用how;
6.问方式,用how;
7.问年龄,用how old;
8.问多少,用how many;
9.问"价钱用how much;
10.问哪一个,用which ;
11.问什么,用what;
12.问职业,用what;
13.问颜色,用what colour;
14.问星期,用what day;
15.问什么学科,用what subject;
16.问什么时候,用when;
17.问几点用What’s the time?或 What time is it?
四、同义句型转换
同义句型转换,是把意思相同或相近的句子用不同的词汇、短语及句型表示出来。如:
I’m Peter. → My name is Peter.
Tom is tall. →Tom isn’t short.
I‘m fine. →I'm all right.
我们现在学过的大多数句型,在一般情况下(就是不排除有特殊情况)都可以用简单的公式来记忆。
1.肯定句变否定句
1) 主语+be动词+.
*I am a teacher.→ I am not a teacher.
He is a doctor. → He is not a doctor.
They are students. →They’re not students.
2) 主语+do动词的不同形式+.
I play computer games everyday. →I don’t play computer games everyday.
He plays computer games everyday. →He doesn’t play computer games everyday
We played computer games yesterday.→ We didn’t play computer games everyday
2肯定句变一般疑问句
1)问:be动词+主语+?
答:Yes, 主语+be动词。/No, 主语+be动词+not.
I am a teacher. →Are you a teacher?
Yes, I am. No, I am not.
He is a doctor.→ Is he a doctor?
Yes, he is. No, he is not.
They are students. →Are they students?
Yes, they are. No, they are not.
2) 问:助动词+主语+do动词的原形+?
答:Yes, 主语+助动词。/No, 主语+助动词+not.
I play computer games everyday.
→Do you play computer games everyday? Yes, I do. No, I don’t.
He plays computer games everyday.
→Does he play computer games everyday? Yes, he does. No, he doesn’t.
We played computer games yesterday.
→Did you play computer games yesterday? Yes, we did. No, we didn’t.